Nexium

The active ingredient in Nexium is esomeprazole. It works by inhibiting the proton pump in the stomach's parietal cells, which are responsible for producing gastric acid. Specifically, it blocks the final step of acid production, reducing the amount of stomach acid that is secreted. This decrease in acid helps to relieve symptoms of acid reflux, heartburn, and ulcers, as well as promote healing of damaged tissues in the esophagus and stomach lining.

Follow all directions given to you by your doctor and read all documents provided, including the full Prescribing Information, FDA-Approved Product Labeling, Instructions for Use, and Medication Guide before using Nexium. However, the following is a synopsis of the general guidelines for the use of Nexium:

• Take Nexium exactly as prescribed by your doctor; typically once daily.
• Take the medication at least 1 hour before a meal, preferably in the morning.
• Swallow the capsule whole with water; do not crush, chew, or split it. If you have trouble swallowing, the capsule can be opened and mixed with a small amount of applesauce.
• If using the oral suspension, mix the powder with water as directed and drink immediately.
• Try to take it at the same time every day to help remember.
• If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's almost time for the next dose; do not take two doses at once.
• Follow the prescribed treatment duration; don’t stop taking it without consulting your doctor, even if symptoms improve.
• For long-term use, your doctor may monitor for potential side effects like vitamin B12 deficiency or bone thinning.

The most common side effects of Nexium seen in clinical trials as compared to placebo include:

• Headache
• Diarrhea or constipation
• Nausea or stomach pain
• Flatulence (gas)
• Dry mouth
• Fatigue or weakness

Some individuals may experience serious side effects while using Nexium. These side effects may require immediate medical attention. If you experience any of the following, contact your healthcare provider or seek emergency medical help:

• Severe allergic reactions (e.g., hives, swelling, shortness of breath)
• Low magnesium levels (symptoms may include tremors, dizziness, muscle spasms, seizures, and irregular heartbeat)
• Bone fractures (especially with long-term use)
• Signs of liver problems (e.g., yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, persistent fatigue)
• Stomach growths (fundic gland polyps), especially if you take PPIs for more than 1 year
• Kidney problems (e.g., decreased urination, swelling in legs/ankles)
• Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (severe, persistent diarrhea with blood)
• Symptoms of lupus (e.g., joint pain, skin rash on your cheeks or arms that worsens in sunlight)
• Potential for vitamin B12 deficiency with long-term use

These are not all of the possible side effects of Nexium. You should always seek medical advice from your healthcare provider for any questions or concerns about your medical condition or treatment. Read all patient information, medication guides, or drug information sheets that come with this medication. You can also report adverse effects to the Food and Drug Administration at www.fda.gov/medwatch or 1-800-FDA-1088.

Before starting Nexium, it is crucial to discuss any existing health conditions with your healthcare provider. You should be sure that your healthcare provider is aware of all your medical conditions, including if you have:

• Known allergy to esomeprazole, esomeprazole magnesium, other PPIs, or any component of the drug.
• Liver problems; your doctor may adjust your dosage or monitor liver function.
• Kidney disease, as long-term use may increase the risk of kidney issues.
• Low levels of calcium, magnesium, or potassium
• Prolonged use may increase the risk of bone fractures, particularly in people with low bone density or other risk factors.
• History of H. pylori, or are currently taking NSAIDs
• Extended use of Nexium can lead to decreased absorption of vitamin B12; monitoring levels may be recommended for long-term users.
• Prolonged acid suppression may increase the risk of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.
• Long-term use of PPIs like Nexium may mask symptoms of stomach cancer; inform your doctor if you have a history of stomach cancer or unusual symptoms.
• Do not use Nexium for longer than prescribed, especially without consulting your doctor, as misuse can increase the risk of serious side effects.

• Nexium is contraindicated in patients with severe liver impairment (e.g., cirrhosis) due to the potential for altered drug metabolism.
• Concurrent use of Nexium with clopidogrel is not recommended, as it may reduce the effectiveness of clopidogrel, a blood thinner used to prevent heart attacks and strokes.
• Certain drugs, such as rilpivirine, atazanavir, or nelfinavir (used for HIV treatment), may interact with Nexium, making it contraindicated for patients on these medications.

Nexium typically starts working within 1 to 2 hours after taking a dose, with its full effects often becoming noticeable within 1 to 4 days. However, for some conditions, such as healing stomach ulcers or esophagitis, it may take several weeks of consistent use to experience maximum benefit.

When Nexium is taken with other prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, vitamins, and supplements, it may change how they work or increase the frequency or severity of side effects. Make sure that you tell your healthcare professional about anything that you are taking to avoid any negative drug interactions, including:

• Clopidogrel (Plavix): Nexium may reduce the effectiveness of clopidogrel, a blood thinner used to prevent heart attacks and strokes.
• Warfarin (Coumadin): Nexium may increase the effects of warfarin, leading to a higher risk of bleeding; monitoring of blood clotting is recommended.
• Cilostazol
• Mycophenolate mofetil
• Rilpivirine: This antiretroviral medication, used to treat HIV, may have reduced effectiveness when taken with Nexium due to altered absorption.
• Methotrexate: Nexium can increase blood levels of methotrexate, a drug used to treat certain cancers and autoimmune conditions, increasing the risk of side effects.
• Diazepam (Valium): Nexium can increase the effects of diazepam, a sedative, potentially leading to enhanced sedation or drowsiness.
• Tacrolimus: Nexium can increase blood levels of tacrolimus, an immunosuppressant, raising the risk of toxicity.
• Digoxin: Nexium may increase digoxin levels, leading to potential toxicity, particularly affecting heart function.
• Ketoconazole/Itraconazole: These antifungal drugs may have reduced effectiveness when taken with Nexium, as stomach acid is required for their absorption.
• Iron supplements: Nexium may reduce the absorption of iron, potentially leading to iron deficiency over time, especially with long-term use.
• St. John's Wort: This herbal supplement may decrease the effectiveness of Nexium by increasing the rate at which the body clears the drug.

Nexium (esomeprazole) is available in several different dosages, including:

• Delayed-release capsule: Available in both 20 mg and 40 mg formulations
• Oral suspension: Typically available as 10 mg, 20 mg, or 40 mg per packet, mixed with water before ingestion.

• 20 mg: Common starting dose for treating conditions like GERD and acid reflux.
• 40 mg: Often used for more severe cases of GERD, ulcers, or to help heal esophagitis.

To store Nexium, keep it at room temperature, ideally between 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F). Store the medication in a dry place, avoiding areas with high moisture, such as bathrooms, and keep it away from heat and direct sunlight. Keep out of reach of children and pets.

Nexium (esomeprazole) is manufactured by AstraZeneca.

Esomeprazole is the generic version of Nexium. Esomeprazole is available in various forms, including tablets and oral suspension, and is typically offered in the same dosages (20 mg and 40 mg) as the brand-name version.

To stop taking Nexium, consult your doctor first. They may recommend gradually reducing the dose to avoid rebound symptoms like heartburn. Monitor any returning symptoms after stopping and follow any lifestyle changes or alternative treatments your doctor suggests to manage your condition.

Nexium is safe for use during pregnancy, but it is important to talk to your doctor if you are already pregnant or if you have any plans to become pregnant. They will know or recommend what is best for you.

Lower doses of Nexium can be safe to use while breastfeeding, but it is important to talk to your doctor if you are already breastfeeding or if you have any plans to breastfeed. They will know or recommend what is best for you.